Fastener



F. S. CARR FAS TENER Filed NOV. 18, 1922 Inveni'or, Red 45. Uawr, y M,MIM:Z%%ZZG Patented Dec. 16, lQZ-l.

UNH'E STATES PATENT @FFICE.

FRED S. CARR, OF NEW'TON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR T0 CARR FASTENER- COM- IPANY, OF CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS, A CO'RPGEATION OF MAINE.

FASTENER.

Application filed November 18, 1922.

To all whom 2'25 may concern:

Be it known that I, F RED S. CARR. a citizen of the United States, and resident of Newton, in the county of Middlesex, State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Fasteners, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to improvements in separable fasteners and more particularly. though not exclusively, to improvements in separable fasteners of a relatively heavy type, such, for instance, as those which are utilized in connection with the securing of automobile curtains, carpets and the like. It is among the objects of the invention to provide a fastener in which the stud and socket may be readily engaged and disengaged, while providing the desired holding power; a fastener which may be very firmly secured to its carrying fabric by simple and inexpensive securing means; and a fastener generally of improved operation and appearance which may. nevertheless, be produced at low cost. Various features of my invention contributing to the above objects are useful either separately or in combination with each other.

In the drawings, which show a preferred form of one embodiment of my invention:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a fastener secured to its carrying fabric, showing a preferred securing plate;

Fig. 2 is a rear elevation of the socket secured to its carrying fabric;

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1, being partly in elevation, showing the stud, the socket and the securing plate;

Fig. 4 is a rear elevation of the securing plate, disassembled from its cooperating parts;

Fig. socket parts;

5 is a rear elevation of the fastener disassembled from lts cooperating 1 6 is a partial section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the preferred form of socket illustrated in Fig. 5.

Referring to the drawings and to the preferred form of my invention selected for illustrative purposes, I have shown a fastener including a stud having a head 8, neck 9 and shank 10, a rather abrupt Serial No. 601,831.

shoulder being presented between the head 8 and the neck 9. This stud is secured to an appropriate stud-carrying element 11, which may be the side of an automobile or the like.

Cooperating with the stud descril'ied, l have shown a socket including a casing 12. preferably as illustrated formed of a single piece of metal, and providing an inclined jaw 13 for engagement beneath the neck of the stud and flanged-over portions 1% holding within the casing an appropriate spring which preferably, as illustrated, provides two stud-engaging jaws 15, the combined action of which holds the neck 9 of the stud while exerting forces the resolution of which urges the inclined jaw 18 into engagement with the neck 9 of the stud. thereby providing a triple jaw fastener having two resilient or spring-pressed jaws and one fixed jaw, preferably inclined as shown.

Immediately above the inclined jaw 13 is presented a stud-receiving aperture, preferably substantially of a width only slightly exceeding the diameter of the head 8 of the stud and of a length somewhat greater than its width, being sufficient to permit such relative tipping movement between the stud and socket when force is exerted in the direction of the arrow shown in 3. as to prevent interference between the stud and socket casing during sufficient tipping to wedge the jaws 15 apart and to release the stud from the socket. The relation between the jaws 15 and the shoulder behind the head of the stud is preferably such, where my invention is used in connection with a three-side lock fastener, as to prevent separation of stud and socket by a direct axial strain therebetween or by relative tipping movement from any point other than onelying somewhat below the axis of the stud as viewed in Fig. 3.

To provide a fastener having a relatively short soud, 1 preferably mount the socket 12 on that side of the socket-carrying fabric 16 on which the stud is located, and to at tach the socket 12 to the fabric I provide it with prongs 17, herein shown as four in number, adapted to penetrate the fabric, preferably without the necessity for punching holes therein, and to be clenched within securing element secured to the other side of the fabric. With a view to providing easy penetration of the cloth, while minimizing any cutting of the threads forming the fabric thereof, and also to provide a relatively easy clenching action during securing of the soclret to its fabric, l. have soi'i'iewhat narrowed and pointed the ends 18 of the prongs 1.7, while maintaining a considerable width throughout the remain.- der of their length, thus providing that structural strength which is necessary to insure the necessary strength of clench within theseziuring element located on the opposite side of the fabric. Thus the reduced ends 18 not only readily penet ate the fabric 16 with minimum effort and cutting or breaking of threads, but, when they strike the inner surface of the seruri element 19, they will readily bend, thereby providing a considerable surface against the inner side of the plate 19, so that when the necessary force is applied to complete the clench, as viewed in Fig. 6, no marking of the ing element 19, as by denting, will be evidenced on the outside of the securing element. l have found that the reduction of the prongs 1.? adjacent their ends, as illustrated at 18, is advantageous in connection with various types of fastener, whether cooperating with a securing element 19 or not. lVhere, as shown in my co-pending application Serial No. 601,830, filed herewith, these prongs engage the fabric, being upset by a die, the reduced points, being initially curved by the die, more firmly engage the fabric than where such prongs are not considerably reduced as illustrated, adjacent their ends.

Where the securing element 19, as illus-- trated, is formed of a single piece of metal, I have found it advantageous to provide an extended surface 20 opposing the flanges let on the casing 12, thereby firmly to grip the cloth. This extended surface 20 is prefera bly provided by outwardly Hanging the inner peripheral edge of the disc from which the securing element 1.9 is formed. Thus the flange 20 provides a surface against which the prongs 17 may exert pres-sure firmly to grip the fabric.

lVhile I have shown and described a preferred form of my invention, it will be us .derstood that many features herein illustrated and separately claimed are of use independently of each other and that major changes, involving omission, substitution, alteration and reversal of parts, and even changes in the mode of operation of the fastener, may be made without departing from the scope of my invention, which is best defined in the following claims.

Claims:

1. A fastener comprising, in combination, a stud presenting a head. and a neck, and a socket presenting a one-piece casing for attachment to that side of the stud-carrying fabric where the stud is located, said one piece casing presenting a stud-receiving aperture, a. unitary inclined jaw for engagement with said neck of said stud, and inwardly projecting flanges abutting the carrying fabric, jaw means within said casing presenting plural jaws for gripping said stud when entered in said stud-receiving aperture and inclined to urge engagement between said neck and said inclined jaw.

2. A fastener comprising, in combination, a stud presenting a head and a neck, and a socket presenting a one-piece casing for attaclnncnt to that side of the studcarrying fabric where the stud is located, said. onepiece casing presenting a stud-receiving aperture, a unitary inclined jaw for engage mentwith said neck of said stud, and inwardly projecting flanges abutting the ca rying fabric, jaw means within said casing presenting plural jaws for gripping said stud when entered in said. stud-receiving aperture and inclined to urge engagement between said neck and said inclined jaw. said stud and socket separable by relative tipping movement only at the side where said inclined aw is located.

A. separable fastener having a part presenting prongs for penetrating a carrying fabric, a securing element having prong deflecting and clenching surfaces on. the opposite. side of the curtain from said part, said prongs being tapered adjacent their ends and having easily bendable teat-like projections extending beyond the tapered 'por tions andadapted to be initially bent by theprong deflecting surface without marking or denting said securing element and to be clenched against the clenching surface of said element, the body portion bf said prongs being relatively wide and strong for the remainder of their lengths to resist bending away from such clenched engage ment.

4. A separable fastener presenting a sheet metal part having prongs for penetrating a carrying fabric and for clenching on the opposite side thereof from the body of said part, said prongs relatively strong throughout the greater portion of their length and abruptly reducer in width adjacent their end presenting converging shoulders, while providing at the ends of the shoulders relatively easily bendable teats, said teats relatively pointed to permit passage thereof through the carrying fabric with minimum cutting or breaking of the threads in said fabric.

5. A separable fastener presenting a sheet metal part havingprongs for penetrating a carrying fabric and for clenching on the opposite side thereof from the body'of said part, said prongs relatively strong throughout the greater portion of their length and abruptly reduced in width adjacent their ends, while providing beyond the abrupt reduction a substantial teat relatively easily bendable to the end 01 the abruptly reduced portions, and a one-piece securing element for location on the opposite side of the carrying fabric from said part, said element presenting a prong-turning surface for bending the prongs laterally and a clenching [iange for abutment against the carrying fabric in proximity to the rim of said part.

6. An ovaloid one-piece securing element for separable fastener parts, said element ringlike and presenting hooklike cross-sec tions, while presenting adjacent its periphery an ovaloid prong-receiving opening and a clenching flange lying entirely within. said oi'aloid prong-receiving opening.

7. A. three-side lock fastener presenting a stud having a head and a neck, a socket havin a stud-receiving aperture, said socket presenting a rigid jaw at one side of said aperture. sides of said aperture spaced apart slightly more than the maximum diameter of said head of said stud and a side of said aperture opposite to said jaw and spaced therefrom slightly more than the distance between the first named sides of said aperture, said socket contain.- ing resiliently pressed aws intersecting said. aperture and inclined to press the stud wl'ien entered therein toward said fixed jaw.

S. A. three-side lock fastener presenting a stud having a head and a neck, a socket having a stud-receiving aperture, said socket presenting a rigid jaw at one side of said aperture, sides of said aperture spaced apart slightly more than the maximum diameter of: said head of said stud. and a side o't said aperture opposite to said jaw and spaced therefrom slightly more than the distance between the first named sides of said aperture, said socket containing resilient jaw means intersecting said aperture and inclined to press the stud when entered therein toward said. fixed aw.

9. A Fastener socket comprising, in combination, a spring, a casing "for application to that side of the socket-carrying medium from which the stud enters, said. casing presenting an integral. plate having a studreceiving aperture therein with a bearing portion for engagement with the stud at the bottom of the aperture, said plate marginally flanged to present a spring-containing recess and. presenting portions overlying said spring in said recess, and prongs for passage through the socket-carrying fabric into engagement with a securing device on the opposite side of the fabric.

in testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

FRED S. CARR. 

